1. Present Simple and Present ContinuousThe difference between what you do in general and what you are doing right now.
2. Past Simple: the Verb BeThe shortest way to say where you were and how it went: was, were, and why did stays out.
3. Past Simple: Regular VerbsThe tense you tell your stories in: the ed ending, its three sounds, and did in questions.
5. Past ContinuousThe tense that says not what happened, but what was already going on at that moment.
6. When and While in Past EventsTwo words that are one word in Ukrainian, but pull different tenses in English.
7. Future with Be Going ToThe future you can already see in the present: either you have decided, or the signs are there.
8. Future with WillA decision made this second, a promise, an offer, and a prediction you think rather than see.
9. Present Continuous for ArrangementsA present tense about tomorrow: the event is already in the calendar, with a time and people.
10. Few, Little, a Few, and a LittleA single letter a turns "we still have time" into "we are out of time".
11. Too and EnoughToo goes before the word, enough goes after it, and that is where half the sentences break.
13. Present PerfectA past action with a present result: not about when it happened, but about what you have now.
14. Present Perfect and Past SimpleThe Perfect opens the subject, the Past Simple tells the details. The border runs along the word "when".
15. Must, Have To, and ShouldIn the positive, must and have to are near twins; in the negative they mean opposite things.
16. Permission and Possibility: May, Might, CouldThree words for a guess and for a request: "it may rain" and "may I use your phone".
17. Infinitive and the -ing FormYou do not choose the form of the second verb: the word in front of it does.
18. Zero and First ConditionalsThere is no future after if: will lives only in the second half of the sentence.
19. Defining Clauses with Who, Which, and ThatThree words that turn "some man" into "the one who fixed our roof".